The Marxist Theory Is The Political And Economic Theories...

The Marxist theory is the political and economic theories originated by German theorists: Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. Marx was born in Germany in 1818 and studied philosophy and law. He was among many the most important authors of sociology and was best known as the â€Å"father of Marxism† (McIntyre, 21). Along with Friedrich Engels, he wrote and published The Communist Manifesto. This document helped shape the revolutions that reconstructed much of the world with over the course of the next century. According to Marx the most important thing about society is the way a society is organized to produce goods and services, also known as mode of production. The relationships among people and people’s relationships to the forces of production are how decisions were made about what to do with the outcomes. The Marxist theory recognizes several typical modes of production and characteristics of different periods in our past history (McIntyre, pg28) These modes of produc tion includes: â€Å"Primitive communism† which had no categorized social class structures or capital growth, â€Å"Asiatic mode† which is allegedly the original form of society where small groups removes social additions through violence directed at settled or unsettled band groups within a domain. â€Å"Ancient mode† is when property is the control of the individual, the forces of production connected with this mode is the widespread use of animals in agriculture, and advanced trade networks.† Feudalism† the property is theShow MoreRelatedRevisionist Socialism1088 Words   |  5 Pagesjustice in the sense of narrowing the economic and social inequalities (to varying degrees) within capitalism through welfare and redistribution. Social democracy is the most obvious example of revisionist socialism. Revisionists are invariably parliamentary, not revolutionary, socialists. Bernstien Beginning in the late 1890s a diverse group of so-called revisionist thinkers increasingly questioned the validity of a number of fundamental Marxist theorists. They particularly objected to how rigidlyRead MoreKarl Marx s Influence On The Social And Political Fields2376 Words   |  10 Pagesrise in the nineteenth century. Disregarded by fellow researchers, Marx’ impact in the social, financial, and political sectors influenced the socialist development after his demise in 1883. Recently, a large following claim to be Marxist and this achievement implies that the ideas and beliefs of Marx continue to expand and evolve, continually influencing the socioeconomic and political fields. His ideology was more â€Å"justification† and believed in a ruling class. Many countries have taken thisRead MoreEssay about Marxism and Its Contribution to the World Politics3240 Words   |  13 PagesIntroduction: Since the emerge of the societies and social life, political theorists tried to develop frameworks and ideas in order to explain main causes of incidents that occur in international relations. Two German thinkers Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels developed a theory mainly based on a materialist view of history and society in early 1900s, which is commonly referred as Marxism. Since its introduction to the political science Marxism have become one of the core schools of thoughts in internationalRead MoreCultural Theory And Popular Culture1578 Words   |  7 PagesPART TWO After reading chapters 1 through 4 of Cultural Theory and Popular Culture, my understanding of the core ideas presented by John Storey begin with his attempt to map â€Å"out the general conceptual landscape of popular culture† (Storey, pg. 1). He does this by breaking down the term â€Å"popular culture† with other surrounding key terms. I know that popular culture cannot be easily defined or explained, since it is â€Å"a melting pot of confused and contradictory meanings capable of misdirecting inquiryRead MoreThe Politics of International Economic Relations Essay1505 Words   |  7 PagesPolitics of International Economic Relations The purpose of the essay is to draw out the conceptual differences of Liberalism, Realism and Marxism. Each author stands for different approach among the three readings. Deundey and Ikenberry are liberals, Gilpin researches for Realism, David Harvey is a typical scholar of Marxism. The perspectives of three authors overlap on three issues but have different view on them. The first issue is what are the main actors involved in economic relations according toRead MoreEssay about Structural-Functionalism and Conflict Theory2741 Words   |  11 PagesTheories in sociology provide us with different perspectives with which to view our social world. A perspective is simply a way of looking at the world. A theory is a set of interrelated propositions or principles designed to answer a question or explain a particular phenomenon; it provides us with a perspective. Sociological theories help us to explain and predict the social world in which we live. Sociology includes three major theoretical perspectives: the structural-functionalist perspectiveRead MoreKarl Marx And The German Political System1427 Words   |  6 Pagesrevolutionary socialist. His work in economics laid the basis for much of the current understanding of labor and it’s relation to capital, and subsequent economic thought. He was born into a wealthy upper middle-class family. He attended school at the University of Bonn and later he studied law and philosophy at the University of Berlin, where he became interested in the philosophical ideas of the Young Hegelians. The Young Hegelians were a group of German intellectuals who wrote about the legacyRead MoreCritical Legal Studies Essay3437 Words   |  14 PagesCRITICAL LEGAL STUDIES Critical legal study (CLS) is a theory that challenges and overturns accepted norms and standards in legal theory and practice. Supporters of this theory believe that logic and structure attributed to the law grow out of the power relationships of the society. The law exists to support the interests of the party or class that forms it and is merely a collection of beliefs and prejudices that legitimize the injustices of society. The wealthy and the powerful use the law asRead MoreAlevels Sociology3511 Words   |  15 PagesExplain and discuss. Ans: Social order is the product of consensus in terms of functionalism Social order is the product of coercion in terms of conflict theory in reality; society may be a combination of both - that is there is human free will which is also limited by social structure example institutions, laws Functionalist Theory and consensus: The functionalist school is linked with sociologists such as Talcott Parsons, Kingsley Davis, Wilbert Moore, and Emile Durkheim (see Farley, 2000:72)Read MoreThe Contribution of Marxism in Literary Criticism3206 Words   |  13 Pageson Marxism before we discuss its contribution. Marxism is a social and political theory based on the works of Karl Marx and his followers, associated with the socialist and communist movements, these works mainly are Manifesto of the Communist Party and the German Ideology. It should be understood that Marx never formulated a complete literary or aesthetic theory, but he laid down the foundation to the emergence of Marxist literary critics, to mention only few ideas which we think are very important

The Sirens Episode in The Odyssey - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 864 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2019/04/01 Category Literature Essay Level High school Tags: Odyssey Essay Did you like this example? The Sirens Episode in The Odyssey Itis hard to imagine what it would feel like when one is unexpectedly enchanted and persuaded to commit suicide. This is what would exactly happen when one met the Sirens, Greek fairy-tale beings believed to have the power to hypnotize and fascinate those who listened to their songs. The Sirens greatly influenced the life of Odysseus in Homers The Odyssey. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Sirens Episode in The Odyssey" essay for you Create order On his return to Circes island, Odysseus is cautioned of these beings and advised to avoid them since they are dangerous (Odyssey 12.53-58). The main lesson learnt from the recount is the importance of heeding to advice so as to avoid temptations in life. Odysseus learns of the impending danger posed by the Sirens and listens to the instructions given by Circe by explaining to his men (12.170-79). The goddess tells Odysseus that he alone should listen to the voices of the Sirens, despite the fact that this could result to him losing his life. This presents a dilemma in that he either disobeys the goddess to avoid risking his life or follow Circes instructions and be lured to his death with the Sirens beautiful voices. Another obstacle evident from the recount is how Odysseus will handle the weight of responsibility bestowed unto him to ensure that his men reach their destination safely. He handles this by putting beeswax in each mans ears to block out the charming songs of the Greek mythical beings (12.189-93). Because Odysseus is the only one meant to listen to the Sirens beautiful voices, he faces the danger of being enticed to his death. However, he and his men overcome this by adhering to the advice issued by the goddess. Odysseus men tie him up along a mast to prevent him from going towards the Sirens voices. When he listens to their voices, desire creeps in him and he asks to be untied. He faces the obstacle to give in to his desires and temptations. However, his men remember the instructions given to them and Perimedes and Eurylochus tighten the lines that tied Odysseus to the mast (12.216). Their loyalty and obedience prove vital as they play an integral role in preventing their friend from succumbing to the enchanting but dangerous voices. The episode on Odysseus encounter with the Sirens shows the valiant characteristics in this episode. Obedience is the first virtue that proved important in this encounter. Odysseus obeys the instructions given to him by Circe. He puts his trust in those instructions and doesnt question them. His men are also obedient because they adhere to those guidelines by ignoring the Sirens attractive singings and tying Odysseus up to a mast. Courage is another virtue appreciated in this episode. Odysseus is courageous enough to put his life on the line by agreeing to listen to the Sirens voices despite being aware of the risk posed by doing so. The Sirens voices entrance him but his friends tighten the roles so that he doesnt get loose. Loyalty is another heroic characteristic evident from this episode. Odysseus companions show their devotion and trust by following his instructions. They also trust that Odysseus tactic of covering their ears with wax will block out the Sirens singings. Most importantly, they ignore Odysseus plea to be united so as to follow the charming voices but instead tighten and pass more lines so as to keep him safe. Springing up at once to bind me faster with rope on chafing rope. (12.215-216)There are various important lessons learnt from the Sirens episode. The first one is the significance of having loyal and caring friends in life. This is evident from the episode as Odysseus friends make sure that he doesnt give in to the charm in the Sirens beautiful voices. Furthermore, being courageous is also significant since Odysseus agrees to listen to the singings in spite of being aware of the consequence of paying attention to them. Linguistic styles have been employed in this episode. Firstly, Homers use of the idiomatic phrase sore at heart illustrates the feeling of despair Odysseus experiences when sharing the given directives with his men. Furthermore, Homer metaphorically refers to the Sirens voices to being honeyed. This shows that their voices are lovely and appealing to listen to that no one can resist them. The phrase the heart inside me throbbed me to listen longer depicts the desire Odysseus had to continue listening to the Sirens voices since they were praising him and this pleased him for he was being recognized and acknowledged. The episode on the Sirens heighten the importance of the other Odyssey episodes since it illustrates mans desires that cannot be gotten. The Sirens are a sign of mans enlightenment. They are the desires that man should avoid so as to stay safe during their endeavors. From the episode, it is right to conclude that Odysseus was courageous enough to protect his men from the Sirens by putting himself at risk. Furthermore, the loyalty showed by his companions was crucial in keeping him away from the Sirens enchanting voices. The episode gives an example of the many challenges that Odysseus and his men must overcome in order to reach home safely.

British Literature Paper Free Essays

Michael Sharp British Literature I 09/26/07 Angelina Jolie has a place in Hell According to Dante, Hell is broken down into nine circles. Each circle would represent a punishment according to their sin and would be more evil as you draw near towards the last circle. If Dante were to travel in Hell again, he would most likely encounter Angelina Jolie. We will write a custom essay sample on British Literature Paper or any similar topic only for you Order Now Although she is looked upon as a celebrity with a humanitarian heart, the sins that she have committed would not be acceptable in God’s eyes. Despite her humanitarian heart, she is likely to go to hell. Despite Angelina Jolie’s humanitarian heart, she is a non-Christian. Non-Christians are automatically condemned to hell. It is stated in the bible, â€Å"†For God so loved the world that he gave his one and only Son, that whoever believes in him shall not perish but have eternal life† (John 3:16). The bible strictly states that if you do not believe in Jesus Christ, you will not go to heaven. It is through God’s grace that we are entitled to enter heaven. When Dante traveled through the first circle of hell, he noted that it housed all the pagans. Great writers and poets were condemned in the first circle because they had died not knowing Christ. You don’t ask,† my good Teacher said to me, â€Å"who are these souls you look upon? Before you go on in your journey, you must know they did not sin. If they had bad merits, these were not enough- baptism they did not have, the one gate to the faith which you believe† (35). Although those people did not commit a serious sin, they did not believe in Christ. Therefore th ey were condemned to the first circle of hell. This is one of the few circles in Hell, where should would be condemned. Lust is one of the many sins people struggle with and it often leads to committing adultery. Angelina Jolie is one of the many who had committed adultery. She seduced Brad Pitt away from his wife Jennifer Aniston and later marries him. In the bible it quotes, â€Å"Whosoever shall put away his wife, saving for the cause of fornication, causeth her to commit adultery. And whosoever marry her that is divorced, committeth adultery† (Matthew 5:32). The bible also states clearly that this sin is not looked upon lightly. In fact in Ephesians 5:5 reads, â€Å"For of this you can be sure: No immoral, impure or greedy person such a man is an idolater has any inheritance in the kingdom of Christ and of God. Marriage is highly regarded in the Christian faith; it is a sacred covenant that is established between the man and his wife. Committing adultery would be a violation of that sacred covenant that was established between husband and wife. In Dante Inferno, Dante describes how he and Virgil pass into the second circle. It was illustrated as a dark area where the rain would co ntinuously fall and the wind would blow constantly. The condemned would helplessly swirl in the wind and be swept through the storm. One of the characters that Dante pointed out was Semiramis. She was allegedly an Assyrian queen who created incest a legal practice. Angelina Jolie did not only commit adultery but she also had an incestuous relationship with her brother. According to the bible it states, â€Å"Do not have sexual relations with your sister, either your father’s daughter or your mother’s daughter, whether she was born in the same home or elsewhere† (Leviticus 18:9). The bible strictly forbids any family members to have a sexual relationship with one another. According to the laws from the Old Testament they would execute those who were guilty from committing this sin. In the New Testament, the local church would be given the authority to outcast the guilty for the offence. In the Second Zone of the Seventh Circle’s Third Ring, Dante encounters Bruetto Latini. This is where the Sodomites must walk continuously under the rain of fire. Bruetto Latini was noted for providing Dante with kindness and counsel, yet he accuses him for being a homosexual. During this time period, homosexuality was evident but not acceptable to the society. However in today’s society homosexuality is acceptable. Angelina Jolie publicly admitted that she had feelings for woman and would consider dating some of either gender. Her guilty pleasure in the same sex would earn her a spot in the third ring. Although Angelina Jolie has committed more than one serious sin, she would be condemned into the second circle of Hell. Lust has overwhelmingly affected her life and to God’s eyes it looked down upon with disgrace. She has violated the sacred commitment between husband and wife by sleeping with another wife’s husband. She has been divorced and became pregnant before marriage. All of these factors are more than enough reasons as to why she should be condemned to Hell. Bibliography Alighieri, Dante. Dante Inferno. New York: Esolen, 2003. Angelina Jolie. Ed. Mai Dinh, Janet Murphy. 25 September 2007. http://www. people. om/people/angelina_jolie/biography/0,,20004347_0,00. html Adultery. www. biblegateway. com. Ed. Nick Hengeveld. 25 September 2007. http://www. biblegateway. com/quicksearch/? quicksearch=adulteryx=0y=0 John 3:16. www. biblegateway. com. Ed. Nick Hengeveld. 25 September 2007. http://www. biblegateway. com/passage/? search=john%203:16version=31 Incest. www. biblegateway. com. Ed. Nick Hengeveld. 25 September 2007. http://www. biblegateway. com/quicksearch/? quicksearch=incestx=0y=0 homosexual. www. biblegateway. com. Ed. Nick Hengeveld. 25 September 2007. http://www. biblegateway. com/quicksearch/? quicksearch=homosexualx=0y=0 How to cite British Literature Paper, Essays

Marketing Practice for Mediums and Innovative - myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theMarketing Practice for Mediums and Innovative Technology. Answer: Introduction The occurrence of new and innovative media has posed a severe challenge for the conventional media. There has been imposed a negative impact upon the various conventional medias such as print newspaper, etc. But it is seen that the impact of the new and digitalized media upon the conventional media is still somehow manageable. The advertising agencies are still investing and taking use of the conventional media as a source for attracting the customers. The advertising agencies are facing huge struggle in moving away from these conventional and old media to electronic media so that there can be acquired strong access to the people of Generation Y (Asur, et al., 2011). The paper will present the various probable reasons because of which the advertising agencies have remained unsuccessful in fetching more number of customers with these new mediums and innovative technology. Positive and negative aspects of new technology and ineffective outcomes gained by advertising agencies with the use of the new media channels In the present time, the potential customers are primarily the Generation Y people who have an easy access to all the new and innovative media, electronic media and advanced media channels. These individuals have a tendency to buy products and services which have high visibility at various electronic and digital media channels rather than just having a visibility on old media channels. Thus, to have an easy access to such customers, the companies are required to have a strong and vibrant presence on all such media channels (Zhao and Jiang, 2011). To attain the objective of increased sales and higher customer base, the advertising agencies have taken use these new technologies and electronic as well as digital media channels. But from the overall perspectives and analysis, there has been analyzed that these media channels have not turned put be effective and successful for the companies and their products and services in comparison with the conventional media channels (Granka, 2010). There has been identified both positive as well as negative aspects of the new technologies and digital media channels which impacts the potential number of customers. Firstly highlighting and evaluating the positive considerations of these media channels, it can be realized as the advertising agencies can have an extended and global reach to the customers in various other nations with these new technological Medias (Salman, et al., 2011). There is probability that if the customers develop reliability with the brand than there are chances that the products and services can be globally recognized. In respect with the capital investments and expenditure, the new ad techno savvy media channels are much affordable and are pocket friendly for all types of business ventures whether small, medium or large scale. Thus, there has been an equal platform to all the companies in respect with social presence and fetching the attention of the potential buyers (Howard and Hussain, 2011). But analyzing from the negative perspectives, there are comparatively several weaknesses and loop holes because of which the advertising agencies have not gained much success and effective customer network with the use of these new mediums with updated technology. The key negative aspect is that the social media platforms are not a proper source for having higher number of customers because of the fact that those social networking sites such as Twitter, Facebook, etc. have both the negative as well as the positive review about the products and services which directly impact the future growth of the business. By taking glimpse from negative reviews and comments, the buyers change their decision of making a purchase as they try to judge the products with these reviews. But on the other hand, if the products or services are good but still if there are negative reviews then there is a very high probability that the individual will not buy those goods or services (Meraz, 2011). The big difference among both these medias are that the traditional or the conventional media still have a strong presence and are more powerful in fetching the attention of the customers and masses. These media channels are positive in respect with the advertising agencies as only the advertisements and promotional campaigns are displayed rather than the negative elements in terms of reviews and comments by the consumers. Thus, in a broader sense only a good picture of the products and services are displayed to the potential users and this leads to increase number of sales and revenues (Shah, 2011). The new technology and electronic and digital media are successful for new ventures where there is a need to have higher presence in terms of visibility and have less capital investments. But in respect with giant players and with higher capital investments the conventional media channels are much effective and dominating for influencing the various customer segments. The media channels such as newspapers, radio and posters are those conventional media channels that have been negatively impacted by the rise of the digital and electronic Medias as they electronic and digital media has offered the online platforms to the companies for advertising their products and services. Thus, such media channels are much impacted by the rise of digital media but not all conventional media channels (Kaplan and Haenlein, 2010). With number of positive aspects of the electronic and online media channels, it is still believed that the advertisers still have a faith and association with the traditional media sources such as television. There are several modifications and changes that have occurred in television media such as over the past few years, there are innovative dimensions for instance the highly interactive televisions which are one of the key advertising mediums for the advertising agencies (Stephen and Galak, 2012). The conventional association among the broadcasters and the advertisers have been completely changed because of the interactive television, since there has been paid a particular amount by the advertisers for the particular length of the advertisements in-between the various programs but, the occurrence of the interactive television, it is the choice of the consumers what they are liked to view at a particular point of time and this has given rise to a new paradigm (O'Connor, 2012). The authors and researchers have argued and analyzed that rather than advertising dependency on only one of the media i.e. conventional or electronic, it is advisable that there must be taken use of an integration approach by the advertisers by taking use of both the conventional media channels such as television with have a decent consideration to the other digital channels too such as social networking sites, emails, etc. The integration of the both the media channels will result in a better combination for the advertising agencies to have an increased global presence, extended customer base and effective use of both the media channels. As well as the integration process will help the advertisers to have a touch with both the people of generation X as well as Generation Y so that they do not loss the connection from either of the two customer groups as well as have an upsurge customer base. Thus, the new trend of integration of the traditional media with new media has presented sev eral new opportunities for the advertising agencies as well as for the consumers as a whole (Peng and Zhu, 2011). Conclusion The new and electronic media offers vast opportunities to the advertising agencies and the companies to have a vast customer base and strong global presence. These media channels are affordable, innovative, inexpensive and extended reach. Thus, the advertisers prefer advertising their products and services on these electronic media channels. But from the overall analysis, it has been concluded that the success offered by the traditional media is much more than these electronic and digital media channels. The social networking sites are effective in offering little success only in comparison with the conventional media as they have both negative as well as positive reviews and comments by the users which can impact the future sales of these products and services. Thus, it can be concluded that rather taking use of either conventional or electronic media alone, the advertisers must have their emphasis on their integration and combine use of these platforms for effective advertising and gathering attention of increased number of masses. References Asur, S., Huberman, B.A., Szabo, G. and Wang, C., 2011, July. Trends in social media: Persistence and decay. InICWSM. Granka, L.A., 2010. Measuring agenda setting with online search traffic: Influences of online and traditional media. Howard, P.N. and Hussain, M.M., 2011. The role of digital media.Journal of democracy,22(3), pp.35-48. Kaplan, A.M. and Haenlein, M., 2010. Users of the world, unite! The challenges and opportunities of Social Media.Business horizons,53(1), pp.59-68. Meraz, S., 2011. The fight for how to think: Traditional media, social networks, and issue interpretation.Journalism,12(1), pp.107-127. O'Connor, R., 2012.Friends, followers and the future: How social media are changing politics, threatening big brands, and killing traditional media. City Lights Books. Peng, T.Q. and Zhu, J.J., 2011. A game of win-win or win-lose? Revisiting the internets influence on sociability and use of traditional media.new media society,13(4), pp.568-586. Salman, A., Ibrahim, F., Abdullah, M.Y.H., Mustaffa, N. and Mahbob, M.H., 2011. The impact of new media on traditional mainstream mass media.The Innovation Journal: The Public Sector Innovation Journal,16(3), pp.1-11. Shah, H., 2011.The production of modernization: Daniel Lerner, mass media, and the passing of traditional society. Temple University Press. Stephen, A.T. and Galak, J., 2012. The effects of traditional and social earned media on sales: A study of a microlending marketplace.Journal of Marketing Research,49(5), pp.624-639. Zhao, X. and Jiang, J., 2011. An empirical comparison of topics in twitter and traditional media.Singapore Management University School of Information Systems Technical paper series. Retrieved November,10, p.2011.